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IMC002FLSA

SERIES 2 FLASH MEMORY CARDS

Intel 

SERIES 2 FLASH MEMORY CARDS

APPLICATIONS

Intel’s second generation Series 2 Flash Memory

Cards facilitate high performance disk emulation for

the storage of data files and application programs on

a purely solid-state removable medium File man-

agement software Flash Translation Layer (FTL) in

conjunction with the Series 2 Flash Memory Cards

enable the design of high-performance light-weight

notebook palmtop and pen-based PCs that have

the processing power of today’s desktop computers

Application software stored on the flash memory

card substantially reduces the slow disk-to-DRAM

download process Replacing the mechanical disk

results in a dramatic enhancement of read perform-

ance and substantial reduction of power consump-

tion size and weight considerations particularly

important in portable PCs and equipment The Se-

ries 2 Card’s high performance read access time al-

lows the use of Series 2 Cards in an ‘‘execute-in-

place’’ (XIP) architecture XIP eliminates redundancy

associated with DRAM Disk memory system archi-

tectures Operating systems stored in Flash Memory

decreases system boot or program load times en-

abling the design of PCs that boot operate store

data files and execute application programs from to

nonvolatile memory without losing the ability to per-

form an update

File management systems modify and store data

files by allocating flash memory space intelligently

Wear leveling algorithms employed to equally dis-

tribute the number of rewrite cycles ensure that no

particular block is cycled excessively relative to oth-

er blocks This provides hundreds of thousands of

hours of power on usage

This file management software enables the user to

interact with the flash memory card in precisely the

same way as a magnetic disk

Series 2 Flash Memory Cards provide durable non-

volatile memory storage for mobile PCs on the road

facilitating simple transfer back into the desktop en-

vironment

For systems currently using a static RAM battery

configuration for data acquisition the Series 2 Flash

Memory Card’s nonvolatility eliminates the need for

battery backup The concern for battery failure no

longer exists an important consideration for porta-

ble computers and medical instruments both requir-

ing continuous operation Series 2 Cards consume

no power when the system is off and only 60 mA in

Deep-Sleep mode (2 Megabyte card) Furthermore

Flash Memory Cards offer a considerable cost and

density advantage over memory cards based on

static RAM with battery backup

Besides disk emulation the Series 2 Card’s electri-

cal block-erasure data writability and inherent non-

volatility fit well with data accumulation and record-

ing needs Electrical block-erasure provides design

flexibility to selectively rewrite blocks of data while

saving other blocks for infrequently updated param-

eters and lookup tables For example networks and

systems that utilize large banks of battery-backed

DRAM to store configuration and status benefit from

the Series 2 Flash Card’s nonvolatility and reliability

SERIES 2 ARCHITECTURE

OVERVIEW

The Series 2 Flash Memory Card contains a 2 to 20

Megabyte Flash Memory array consisting of 2 to 20

28F008SA FlashFile Memory devices Each

28F008SA contains sixteen individually-erasable 64

Kbyte blocks therefore the Flash Memory Card

contains from 32 to 320 device blocks It also con-

tains two Card Control Logic devices that manage

the external interface address decoding and com-

ponent management logic (Refer to Figure 1 for a

block diagram )

To support PCMCIA-compatible word-wide access

devices are paired so that each accessible memory

block is 64 KWords (see Figure 2) Card logic allows

the system to write or read one word at a time or

one byte at a time by referencing the high or low

byte Erasure can be performed on the entire block

pair (high and low device blocks simultaneously) or

on the high or low byte portion separately

Also in accordance with PCMCIA specifications this

product supports byte-wide operation in which the

flash array is divided into 128K x 8 bit device blocks

In this configuration odd bytes are multiplexed onto

the low byte data bus

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