N4375B-100 데이터 시트보기 (PDF) - HP => Agilent Technologies
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N4375B-100 Datasheet PDF : 20 Pages
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Agilent N4375B Applications
Agilent N4375B Features
In digital photonic transmission systems, the performance
is ultimately determined by bit error ratio test (BERT), which
parameter describes the performance of the whole system.
However it is necessary to design and qualify subcompo-
nents like modulators and receivers, which are analog by na-
ture, with different parameters. Those parameters are core
to the overall system performance.
These electro-optical components significantly influence the
overall performance of the transmission system via the fol-
lowing parameters:
3dB bandwidth of the electro-optical transmission
Relative frequency response, quantifying the electro-
optical shape of the conversion.
Absolute frequency response, relating to the conver-
sion efficiency of signals from the input to the output,
or indicating the gain of a receiver.
Electrical reflection at the RF port
Group delay of the electro-optical transfer funktion
Only a careful design of these electro-optical components
over a wide modulation signal bandwidth guarantees suc-
cessful operation in the transmission system.
Electro-optical components
The frequency response of amplified or unamplified detector
diodes, modulators and directly modulated lasers typically
depends on various parameters, like bias voltages, optical
input power, operating current and ambient temperature. To
determine the optimum operating point of these devices, an
LCA helps by making a fast characterization of the electro-
optic transfer function while optimizing these operating
conditions. In parallel the LCA also measures the electrical
return loss.
In manufacturing it is important to be able to monitor the
processes regularly to keep up the throughput and yield. In
this case the LCA is the tool of choice to monitor transmis-
sion characteristics and absolute responsivity of the manu-
factured device. The remote control of the N4375B offers an-
other tool to improve the productivity by making automated
measurements and analysis of the measured data.
Electrical components
Electrical components such as amplifiers, filters and trans-
mission lines are used in modern transmission systems and
require characterization to ensure optimal performance.
Typical measurements are bandwidth, insertion loss or gain,
impedance match and group delay. The new switched archi-
tecture offers direct access to the electrical outputs and in-
puts of the network-analyzers just by selecting electrical- to
electrical measurement mode in the LCA user interface.
Turnkey solution
In today’s highly competitive environment, short time-to-
market with high quality is essential for new products. In-
stead of developing a home-grown measurement solution
which takes a lot of time and is limited in transferability and
support, a fully specified and supported solution helps to fo-
cus resources on faster development and on optimizing the
manufacturing process.
In the N4375B all optical and electrical components are
carefully selected and matched to each other to minimize
noise and ripple in the measurement traces. Together with
the temperature stabilized environment of the core com-
ponents, this improves the repeatability and the accuracy
of the overall system. Extended factory calibration data at
various optical power levels ensures accurate and reliable
measurements that can only be achieved with an integrated
solution like the N4375B.
Easy calibration
An LCA essentially measures the conversion relation be-
tween optical and electrical signals. This is why user cali-
bration of such systems can evolve into a time consuming
task. With the new calibration process implemented in the
N4375B, the tasks that have to be done by the user are re-
duced to one pure electrical calibration. The calibration with
an electrical microwave calibration module is automated
and needs only minimal manual interaction.
Built-in performance verification
Sometimes it is necessary to make a quick verification of the
validity of the calibration and the performance of the system.
The N4375B’s unique calibration process allows the user to
perform a self-test without external reference devices. This
gives full confidence that the system performance is within
the user’s required uncertainty bands.
State-of-the-art remote control
Testing the frequency response of electro-optical compo-
nents under a wide range of parameters, which is often
necessary in qualification cycles, is very time consuming.
To support the user in minimizing the effort for perform-
ing this huge number of tests, all functions of the LCA can
be controlled remotely via LAN over the state-of-the-art
Microsoft .NET or COM interface.
Based on programming examples for VBA with Excel, Agi-
lent VEE and C++, it is very easy for every user to build ap-
plications for their requirements.
These examples cover applications like integration of com-
plete LCA measurement sequences.
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